品名

异丁胺; 单异丁基胺; 1-氨基-2-甲基丙烷; Isobutylamine; Monoisobutylamine; 1-Amino-2-methylpropane; CAS: 78-81-9

理化性质

无色透明液体。有浓氨味。分子式C4-H11-N。化学式(CH3)2CHCH2NH2。分子量73.14。相对密度0.731(20/20)。熔点-85.5 ℃。沸点68.6℃。闪点-9.44℃。自燃点377.78℃。蒸气密度2.5。蒸气压13.33kPa(100mmHg18.8℃)。蒸气与空气混合物燃烧限3.4～9% 。与水、乙醇、乙醚相混溶。水溶液呈强碱性。遇热、明火、强氧化剂易燃。燃烧产物为氮氧化物。

接触机会

用于有机合成、杀虫剂、制药等。

国内主要生产厂商:北京化工厂、上海试剂三厂

侵入途径

可经消化道吸收。可经皮侵入。

毒理学简介

大鼠经口LD50: 224 mg/kg。

人口服3g,15% 以未变化形式自尿排出。据报道人口服40mg/kg,出现恶心及明显流涎。

吸入本品可致头痛、鼻干燥。皮肤接触可形成水疱。

本品具拟交感神经作用,心脏镇静作用与致痉挛作用。

临床表现

未见急性中毒报道。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*SKIN CONTACT CAN RESULT IN ERYTHEMA, BLISTERING. INHALATION CAUSES HEADACHE, DRYNESS OF NOSE & THROAT. [R1]

*ISOBUTYLAMINE ... IS SAID TO BE SYMPATHOMIMETIC, CARDIAC DEPRESSANT, & CONVULSANT. ... NAUSEA & STRIKING SALIVATION /OBSERVED/ ... AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF 40 MG/KG. [R19]

*The vaginal washings from patients with nonspecific vaginitis (NSV) were examined ... amines identified included ... isobutylamine. These amines may contribute to the symptoms of NSV and ... may contribute to the elevated pH of the vaginal discharge. They may also be partly responsible for the "fishy" odor that is characteristic of vaginal discharges from these patients. It is hypothesized that anaerobic vaginal organisms ... are responsible for the amine production, because metronidazole inhibited the production of amines by vaginal bacteria in vitro, and Haemophilus vaginalis did not produce amines. Haemophilus vaginalis released high concn of pyruvic acid and amino acids during growth in peptone-starch-dextrose medium, whereas other vaginal flora consumed both of these in the same medium. These findings suggest that a symbiotic relationship may exist between Haemophilus vaginalis and other vaginal flora in patients with NSV. [R20]

*Toxic;  Strong irritant by dermal and mucous membranes. [R9, 1017]

处理

对症治疗。

标准

车间空气卫生标准：

丹麦: STEL 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), 皮肤

德国: TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), 皮肤

瑞士: TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m3), STEL 25 ppm (75 mg/m3)

危规：GB3.2 类32172。原铁规:一级易燃液体,61145。UN NO.1214。IMDG CODE 3061页,3.2 类。 　　　　

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