品名

丙二醇; 1,2-丙二醇; Propylene glycol; CAS:57-55-6

理化性质

为无色、带有苦味的液体。分子式C3-H8-O2。分子量76.10。沸点187.2 ℃。与水、乙醇、乙醚等许多有机溶剂混溶。

接触机会

在作防冻剂、溶剂、增塑剂和树脂生产过程中接触本品。

国内主要生产厂商:上海高桥化工厂、沙市石油化工厂、常州化工二厂、清江石油化工厂

侵入途径

可经消化道吸收。

毒理学简介

大鼠经口LD50: 20 gm/kg。小鼠经口LD50: 22 gm/kg。兔经皮LD50: 20800 mg/kg。

属微毒类。

临床表现

皮肤接触本品可引起脱水和刺激症状。静脉内快速注射引起溶血,出现血红蛋白尿,并有中枢神经系统抑制症状。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*PROPYLENE GLYCOL MAY CAUSE HEMOGLOBINURIC NEPHROSIS. [R27, 161]

*ALTHOUGH NONINJURIOUS, A DROP APPLIED TO THE HUMAN EYE CAUSES IMMEDIATE STINGING, BLEPHAROSPASM & LACRIMATION... DISCOMFORT LASTS FOR SEVERAL SEC UNTIL TEARS WASH THE FOREIGN SUBSTANCE AWAY. THIS IS FOLLOWED BY MILD TRANSIENT CONJUNCTIVAL HYPEREMIA, BUT NO RESIDUAL DISCOMFORT OR INJURY. [R24]

*ORALLY ADMIN PROPYLENE GLYCOL (1-1.5 G/KG) HAS REDUCED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE...BY RAISING OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF BLOOD...IN HUMAN... [R28]

*In a patient with renal failure who was unable to excrete propylene glycol in the urine, such retention caused severe central nervous system depression. In addition, lactic acidosis was a prominent feature in this patient; with a large anion gap and a lactic acid level of 80 mEq/l. The patient responded rapidly to intravenous fluids and sodium bicarbonate and on recovery volunteered a history of "gas" exposure. Propylene glycol levels of 70 and 60 mg/dl were found in blood and urine, respectively. [R29]

*A 15 month old child had several episodes of hypoglycemia while ingesting 7.5 ml of propylene glycol per day. Seizures developed in an 11 year old boy with multiple endocrine problems and systemic candidiasis who ingested a medication containing propylene glycol. [R26]

处理

对症处理。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*The usual measures of supportive care and decontamination (ipecac/lavage, activated charcoal, cathartics within 2 hours of exposure) suffice. Check the anion gap, arterial pH, renal function, and glucose level. Serum propylene glycol levels up to 1,000 mg/dl do not correlate well with clinical status. Patients have been conscious with serum levels of 760 mg/dl. [R26]

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