品名

香兰素; 香草醛; 3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲醛; 凡尼林; Vanillin;  Vanillic aldehyde;  Vanillaldehyde;  3-Methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde; CAS：121-33-5

理化性质

白色或很淡黄色针状晶体。有愉快香味。分子式C8-H8-O3。分子量152.14。相对密度1.056。熔点81～83℃。沸点285℃。水中溶解度0.95%,80℃时6.25%; 易溶于乙醇、乙醚、二硫化碳、冰醋酸、吡啶。曝露在潮湿空气中逐渐氧化。可燃。

接触机会

在合成本品及作为重要合成香料,广泛用于日用化学品中,作食用、烟用、酒用香精。由于本品具强烈气味,可防止过量接触。

国内主要生产厂商:吉林市第四化工厂、上海新华香料厂、天津香料厂、天津第二香料厂、南通薄荷厂、广州造纸厂

侵入途径

可经消化道吸收入体。

毒理学简介

大鼠经口LD50: 1580 mg/kg; 吸入LC  :>41700 ug/kg/4H; 经皮LD  :>2 gm/kg。小鼠经口LD50: 3925 mg/kg; 吸入LC  :>41700 ug/kg/2H。兔经皮LD50: >5010 mg/kg。

本品可引起血压下降,呼吸加快,大量时可引起循环衰竭而死亡。

给兔喂食2g本品后,14%以葡萄糖醛酸香兰素排出; 50%以香兰酸形式排出; 20%与葡萄糖醛酸和硫酸结合后随尿排出。

有报道认为本品具有刺激、致敏作用。

临床表现

未见急性中毒报道。其药理作用为降低血压，加快呼吸，并可因心血管意外而死亡。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*.../VANILLIN IS/ PHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE, CAUSING DEPRESSED BLOOD PRESSURE, INCREASED RESPIRATORY RATE, & DEATH DUE TO CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE. [R20, 1696]

*IN CLOSED-PATCH TESTS ON HUMAN SKIN VANILLIN CAUSED NO PRIMARY IRRITATION WHEN TESTED @ CONCN OF 20% ON 29 NORMAL SUBJECTS, @ 2% ON 30 NORMAL SUBJECTS, & @ 0.4% ON 35 SUBJECTS WITH DERMATOSES. MAXIMIZATION TESTS WERE CONDUCTED ON GROUPS OF 25 VOLUNTEERS...@ CONCN OF 2-5% IN PETROLATUM & PRODUCED NO SENSITIZATION REACTIONS. [R21, 2539]

*VANILLIN APPLIED UNDILUTED FOR 48 HR IN THE STANDARD OCCLUDED ALUMINUM-PATCH TEST USED BY THE NORTH AMERICAN DERMATITIS RESEARCH GROUP DID NOT PRODUCE ANY IRRITATION OR SENSITIZATION IN A 62-YR-OLD SUBJECT WITH A PERFUME DERMATITIS. [R21, 2539]

*POSITIVE REACTIONS TO VANILLIN WERE REPORTED IN 8/142 PT WHO WERE ALREADY SENSITIZED TO BALSAM OF PERU. IN STUDIES OF SENSITIZATION TO BALSAM OF PERU & ITS COMPONENTS, VANILLIN, PURE OR 10% IN VASELINE, PRODUCED POSITIVE PATCH-TEST REACTIONS IN 21/164 PT SENSITIVE TO BALSAM. VANILLIN WAS CONSIDERED...SECONDARY ALLERGEN... [R21, 2539]

处理

对症处理。

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