品名

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯; Dibutylphthalate;  n-Butylphthalate;  1,2-Benzene dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester; CAS：84-74-2

理化性质

无色油状液体,有淡的酯味。分子式C16-H22-O4。分子量278.34。相对密度1.047～1.049 (20/20℃)。熔点-35℃。沸点340℃。闪点157.22℃。自燃点402.78℃。蒸气密度9.58。蒸气压<1.33kPa(<10mmHg20℃)。微溶于水(25℃时水中溶解度0.45%); 易溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、苯。遇热、明火可燃。能与氧化物反应。与氯气发生剧烈反应。

接触机会

用作增塑剂,也为驱虫剂原料,在纤维素及乙烯树脂行业中应用很多。

国内主要生产厂商:上海溶剂厂、苏州溶剂厂、无锡溶剂总厂、福州医疗化工厂、北京化工厂、北京化工三厂、芜湖日新化工厂、天门树脂厂、石井沟联合化工厂、太原溶剂厂、重庆朝阳化工厂、宝鸡有机化工厂、沙市合成树脂总厂、广州溶剂厂、云南溶剂厂、南宁化工集团公司

侵入途径

可经胃肠道吸收。

毒理学简介

人经口TDLo: 140 mg/kg。

大鼠经口LD50: 8 gm/kg; 吸入LC50: 4250 mg/m3; 经皮LDLo: 6 gm/kg。小鼠经口LD50: 5289 mg/kg; 吸入LC50: 25 gm/m3/2H。兔经皮LD50: >20 mL/kg。

豚鼠涂皮无刺激。

IDLH: +4000 mg/cu m [R23]

临床表现

有1例化学工作者误服10g的报告,出现恶心、头晕、流泪、畏光,并有蛋白尿。迅速恢复,无后遗症。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*WOMEN WORKING IN SYNTHETIC LEATHER INDUSTRY WHERE PHTHALATES ARE USED HAD HIGHER INCIDENCE OF MISCARRIAGES & MENSTRUAL DISORDERS. [R33]

*IN WOMEN OCCUPATIONALLY DEALING WITH PHTHALATES INCOMPLETE PREGNANCY, REDUCED GESTATION & DELIVERY RATES, INCR ABORTIONS, & PRESENCE OF ANOVULATORY HYPOESTROGENOUS CYCLES WERE OBSERVED. [R34]

*FROM STANDPOINT OF HAZARD BY INHALATION, DIBUTYL ESTER SHOULD PRESENT LITTLE PROBLEM BECAUSE OF ITS LOW VAPOR PRESSURE;  INHALATION OF SIGNIFICANT AMT WOULD OCCUR ONLY BY SPRAY OR MIST EXPOSURES. ITS WIDE USE AS INSECT REPELLENT FOR MAN DURING WORLD WAR II RESULTED IN NO REPORTS OF TOXIC SYMPTOMS. [R37]

*... BREATHING PLASTICIZER AS SPRAY CAN CAUSE THROAT IRRITATION. ... /IT/ HAS IRRITATING ACTION ON MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF RESP PASSAGES. [R7, 137]

*Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. [R24]

*In humans, an olfactory threshold value ranging from 0.26 to 1.47 mg/cu m /was found/. Atmospheric concentraions of 0.12 and 0.15 mg/cu m resulted in abnormal encephalographic responses in the three human subjects in the study. When the level was reduced to 0.093 mg/cu m no conditioned reflex was noted. A PSC value of 0.1 mg/cu m is recommended. [R38]

处理

对症处理。

卫生标准

车间空气卫生标准:

中国MAC 2.5 mg/m3; TWA 1.0 mg/m3（1996）

美国ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3

美国MSHA STANDARD-air: TWA 5 mg/m3

美国OSHA PEL(所有行业): 8H TWA 5 mg/m3

澳大利亚: TWA 5 mg/m3

比利时: TWA 5 mg/m3

丹麦: TWA 5 mg/m3

法国: TWA 5 mg/m3

匈牙利: TWA 2 mg/m3, STEL 4 mg/m3, 皮肤

印度: TWA 5 mg/m3

荷兰: TWA 5 mg/m3

菲律宾: TWA 5 mg/m3

俄罗斯: STEL 0.5 mg/m3

瑞典: TWA 3 mg/m3, STEL 5 mg/m3

瑞士: TWA 5 mg/m3

英国: TWA 5 mg/m3, STEL 10 mg/m3

保加利亚,哥伦比亚,约旦,韩国 参照美国 ACGIH TLV;

新西兰,新加坡,越南 参照美国 ACGIH TLV

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