品名

草酸二乙酯; 乙二酸二乙酯; Diethyl oxalate; Ethyloxalate; CAS：95-92-1

理化性质

无色油状芳香液体。分子式C6-H10-O4。分子量146.14。相对密度1.08426(15℃)。1.0785 (20/4℃)。熔点-40.6℃。沸点185.4 ℃。闪点75.56℃(开杯)。蒸气密度5.04。蒸气压1.33kPa(10mmHg84℃)。微溶于水; 可与乙醇、乙醚、其他常用有机溶剂混溶。遇水逐渐分解。遇热、明火可燃,燃烧时产生辛辣烟。能与氧化剂反应。

接触机会

用于药物制造、塑料和染料中间体、纤维素酯和香料的溶剂。

国内主要生产厂商:上海光明化工厂、东北第六制药厂、吴县助剂厂

侵入途径

蒸气压较高,主要经呼吸道吸入。

毒理学简介

小鼠经口LD50: 2 gm/kg。

低毒。动物中毒后表现呼吸困难,肌肉颤动。病理检查示肾小管有结晶物沉积。豚鼠经皮LD50 >10.0ml/kg,皮肤有轻微刺激。

临床表现

国内未见人中毒的报告。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*...COMPLAINTS OF WEAKNESS, HEADACHE, AND NAUSEA, TOGETHER WITH EVIDENCE OF SOME SLIGHT ANEMIA AND LEUKOPENIA, NEUTROPENIA, AND EOSINOPHILIA WERE ENCOUNTERED IN WORKMEN WHO HAD BEEN EXPOSED FOR SEVERAL MONTHS TO CONCN OF 0.76 MG/L. ...SYMPTOMS REGRESSED WHEN EXPOSURE CEASED. [R9]

*SYMPTOMATOLOGY: 1. BURNING PAIN IN THROAT, ESOPHAGUS, & STOMACH. ... 2. VOMITING...BURNING PAIN, SEVERE PURGING. 3. PULSE...WEAK, IRREGULAR... SOMETIMES IMPERCEPTIBLE. HYPOTENSION &...SIGNS OF CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE APPEAR. 5. ...OLIGURIA, ALBUMINURIA, & HEMATURIA MAY PERSIST FOR WK. /OXALATE/ [R10]

*SYMPTOMATOLOGY:  4. IF DEATH IS DELAYED FOR FEW HR, NERVOUS OR NEUROMUSCULAR SYMPTOMS DEVELOP: HEADACHE, MUSCLE CRAMP (PARTICULARLY OF JAWS & EXTREMITIES), TETANY, SOMETIMES CONVULSIONS, STUPOR, COMA, & DEATH. /OXALATE/ [R10]

*WHILE EVIDENCE FOR TOXICITY...REMAINS OBSCURE, IT WOULD SEEM REASONABLE TO USE STRICT PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID PROLONGED INHALATION OR SKIN CONTACT... [R9]

*STRONG IRRITANT TO SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES, ESP BY INGESTION. [R5]

处理

对症处理。

标准

危规：GB6.1 类61621。原铁规:有机有毒品,84033。UN NO.2525。IMDG CODE  6085-2页,6.1 类。

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