品名

苯醚－联苯; 导生A; 二尼尔; Diphenyl-Diphenylether; Diphenl mixed with biphnyloxide; Dowtherm A; Dinyl; CAS：8004-13-5

理化性质

无色到稻草色液体,带明显臭味。它是由73.5%(按重量计)苯醚和26.5%联苯组成低共熔混合物。相对密度1.06。沸点257.4 ℃。蒸气压0.011kPa(25℃)。不溶于水; 易溶于醇、醚和苯。加热至400℃而不分解。加热分解,放出辛辣烟和刺激性气体。

接触机会

合成纤维生产中作为载热体,亦用于合成橡胶和塑料生产。在工业上可接触到它的蒸气、雾点或液体。检修设备或管道漏气时可因大量吸入而中毒。

国内主要生产厂商:苏州溶剂厂

侵入途径

主要经呼吸道进入体内。对粘膜和皮肤有刺激作用。

毒理学简介

人吸入TCLo: 3 ppm。

大鼠经口LD50: 2460 mg/kg。小鼠经口LD50: 3210 mg/kg。

联苯-联苯醚的嗅觉阈为0.06～0.29mg/m^3。当浓度为0.68～6.79mg/m^3时,可引起鼻、咽喉和眼结膜的刺激现象。

锦纶-6生产车间空气中除联苯-联苯醚气体外,尚有己内酰胺蒸气,应考虑两种毒物的联合作用。

IDLH: *10 ppm [R7]

临床表现

急性中毒常无潜伏期,一般在数分钟到半小时内发病。主要症状为头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡等,甚至有短暂的意识丧失。经治疗后,一般愈后良好。对皮肤有轻度刺激作用,少数人接触本品有皮肤过敏反应。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*When concn of 3 or 4 ppm in air are reached, there is irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. In one instance a man received in the eyes a spray of fine droplets of Dowtherm under pressure. He felt no immediate discomfort, but within five minutes he began to feel stinging and burning of the eyes and also of the skin about his eyes;  his discomfort was relieved immediately when the eyes and skin were washed with a bland oil. Slit lamp biomicroscopic examination shortly thereafter revealed no corneal injury. [R9]

处理

脱离现场。皮肤污染时用清水彻底清洗。对症治疗。

卫生标准

车间空气卫生标准:

中国MAC 7mg/m^3

美国MSHA STANDARD-air: TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3) (vapor)

美国OSHA PEL(所有行业): 8H TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3), vapor

德国: TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3)

菲律宾: TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3)

俄罗斯: STEL 10 mg/m3

瑞士: TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3)

参考文献

[1]吴振球,主编.高分子化合物的毒性和防护.第二版.北京:人民卫生出版社,1986:233.

[2]卢士雄.联苯-联苯醚职业危害的探讨.江苏劳动保护.1988; (4):26.

[3]Dorgelo FO,et al. Urinary hydroxydiphenyl excretion of workers occupationally exposed to a mixture of diphenyl and diphenyl ether(Dowtherm A). Int Arch Occup Environ health 1985; 2:129.

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