品名

苯甲醇; 苄醇; Benzene methanol; Benzyl alcohol; CAS:100-51-6

理化性质

无色液体。分子式C7-H8-O。分子量108.141。沸点205.3 ℃。蒸气相对密度3.72。能溶于水、醇、醚及芳香烃中。

接触机会

在用于香料、药物、染料、照相胶片等工业中接触本品。

国内主要生产厂商:江苏省丰县制药厂、武汉市有机合成制药厂、上海香料厂、天津农药厂、上海新生香料厂、沈阳新生香料厂

侵入途径

经呼吸道和消化道吸入,亦能经皮肤吸收。

毒理学简介

大鼠经口LD50: 1230 mg/kg；吸入LCLo: 1000 ppm/8H。小鼠经口LD50: 1360 mg/kg。兔经皮LD50: 2 gm/kg。

属低毒类。兔涂皮引起局部红斑,滴眼引起角膜混浊。本品具刺激及麻醉作用。进入机体后,氧化成苯甲酸; 与甘氨酸结合后,以马尿酸的形式自尿中排出。

临床表现

人吸入高浓度的苯甲酸后,可出现剧烈头痛、恶心、呕吐等。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*LOCAL NECROSIS OF TISSUE FOLLOWING THE ACCIDENTAL INJECTION OF PURE BENZYL ALCOHOL IN PREPARATION FOR CIRCUMCISION HAS BEEN DESCRIBED ... [R29, 4641]

*No direct ocular injury from external contact has been reported in human beings, but one death and one case of serious illness with delirium and visual disturbances were supposed to have been caused by absorption of benzyl alcohol from an impure preparation of benzyl benzoate which was employed in massaging the skin. [R27, 144]

*Five infants, preterm, received multiple injections of heparinized bacteriostatic sodium chloride for flushing the catheters, and medications reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, both containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol. Daily quantities of benzyl alcohol equaled 99 to 234 mg/kg of body wt. They then developed gradual neurologic deterioration, severe metabolic acidosis, a striking onset of gasping respirations, hematologic abnormalities, skin breakdown, hepatic and renal failure, hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse. [R13]

处理

对症治疗。

标准

车间空气卫生标准：俄罗斯: STEL 5 mg/m3, Skin JAN 1993

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