品名

水杨酸甲酯:冬青油; 邻羟基苯酸甲酯; 柳酸甲酯; Methylsalicylate; Methyl-o-hydroxybenzoate; CAS：119-36-8

理化性质

无色、淡黄色或淡红色油状液体。略有冬青油气味。分子式C8-H8-O3。分子量152.14。相对密度1.1840(25/25℃)。熔点-8.6℃。沸点223.3℃。闪点101.11℃(闭杯)。自燃点454.44℃。蒸气密度5.24。蒸气压0.13kPa[1mmHg(54℃)]。微溶于水; 溶于氯仿、乙醚; 与乙醇、冰醋酸混溶。遇热、明火可燃。与氧化剂发生反应。

接触机会

用作调味佐剂,食品和饮料的防腐剂,化妆品成份,也用作止疼敷药、油墨调料。

国内主要生产厂商:西安化学试剂厂、西北第二合成制药厂、上海东方化工厂、常州红卫化工厂、江宁农药厂、广州大群化工厂

侵入途径

主要经消化道及皮肤吸收。

毒理学简介

人（男性）经口LDLo: 101 mg/kg，1329 mg/kg。儿童经口LDLo: 228 mg/kg，700 mg/kg。人（女性）经口LDLo: 355 mg/kg。婴儿经口LDLo: 1480 mg/kg。

大鼠经口LD50: 887 mg/kg。小鼠经口LD50: 1110 mg/kg。

临床表现

可在肠道水解,急性中毒表现与水杨酸相近似,可有胃肠道刺激症状、酸中毒、肺水肿、高热、惊厥及死亡。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*Symptoms of poisoning by methyl salicylate differ little from those described for aspirin. Central excitation, intense hyperpnea, and hyperpyrexia are prominent features. The odor of the drug can easily be detected on the breath and in the urine and vomitus. /Methyl salicylate/ [R16, 651]

*In reviews of methyl salicylate poisoning, dimness of vision is mentioned as occurring in about 15% of all cases, but the nature of the impairment has been poorly characterized, and the impression is given that it is a manifestation of disturbance of the CNS. /Methyl salicylate/ [R17]

*MILD CHRONIC SALICYLATE INTOXICATION IS TERMED SALICYLISM /&/...SYNDROME INCLUDES HEADACHE, DIZZINESS, RINGING IN EARS, DIFFICULTY IN HEARING, DIMNESS OF VISION, MENTAL CONFUSION, LASSITUDE, DROWSINESS, SWEATING, THIRST, HYPERVENTILATION, NAUSEA, VOMITING, & OCCASIONALLY DIARRHEA. /SALICYLATES/ [R16, 651]

*TOXIC EFFECTS SIMILAR TO OTHER SALICYLATES. HYPERPNEA, FOR WHICH PATIENT SHOULD BE CLOSELY OBSERVED, IS FIRST SIGN. THIS INITIAL HYPERVENTILATION MAY LEAD TO RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS AND, IN SEVERE CASES FOLLOWED BY A METABOLIC ACIDOSIS. [R3]

*Salicylates cross the placental barrier. A 33 week old fetus died in utero 20 hours after 3 g salicylate was ingested by the mother. The salicylate level of the mother was 568 mg/l at admission and 212 mg/l at the time fetal heart tones stopped. Autopsy blood from the fetus, which aborted 8 days later, was 243 mg/l. /Salicylates/ [R18, 564]

*... One patient complained of dimness of vision and difficulty in hearing on first regaining consciousness after ingestion of 30 ml of methyl salicylate, after going through severe acidosis, coma, and convulsions, which were treated with iv amytal, sodium lactate, and calcium gluconate. Vision and hearing were said to have returned to normal within two weeks, but no actual measurements of visual acuity, visual fields or examination of the fundi were reported. [R17]

*... /A/ patient, who took 24 ml of methyl salicylate in the course of 48 hr, complained of xanthopsia and inability to read. This patient was reported to have recovered in about five days after the drug was discontinued, but the reason for the inability to read was not explained. [R17]

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