正辛烷_MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

正辛烷-MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

发表时间：2011-10-31浏览次数：评论：分享：顶：踩：

品名

正辛烷; 辛烷; n-Octane; Octane; Octylhydride; CAS：111-65-9

理化性质

无色透明液体。分子式C8-H18。分子量114.22。相对密度0.7036(20/4℃)。凝固点-56.80。沸点125.6℃。闪点13.33℃。自燃点220℃。蒸气密度3.86。蒸气压1.33kPa(10mmHg19.2℃)。蒸气与空气混合物可燃限1.0～6.5 % 。不溶于水; 微溶于乙醇; 溶于乙醚。遇热、明火、强氧化剂易引起燃烧和爆炸。

接触机会

石油中分离本品时及用于有机合成、溶剂、色谱分析标准物时可有接触。

国内主要生产厂商:北京化工厂、上海试剂一厂、天津市化学试剂二厂

侵入途径

可经呼吸道及消化道吸收。

毒理学简介

大鼠吸入LC50: 118 gm/m3/4H。

毒性低,有麻醉及粘膜刺激作用。

大鼠经口0.2ml,几秒钟发生惊厥、呼吸麻痹或心脏停搏而死亡,尸检见肺泡和肺间质出血、水肿。

人的嗅阈为2.335g/m^3。

IDLH: +1000 ppm (Based on 10% of the lower explosion limit for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that irreversible health efects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.) [R15]

临床表现

未见急性中毒报道。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*... THE MANIFESTATIONS OF EXPOSURE TO VAPORS ... OF ... OCTANE ... /ARE/ GIDDINESS, VERTIGO, HEADACHE, AND ANESTHETIC STUPOR. ... THERE MAY BE CONVULSIONS INDICATIVE OF BRAIN IRRITATION OR APNEIC ANOXIA. [R23, 264]

*... EPILEPTIFORM SEIZURES /MAY OCCUR/ MONTHS AFTER ACUTE EPISODE. PATHOLOGICAL EXAM OF TISSUES FROM FATAL CASES GIVES EVIDENCE FOR WIDESPREAD MICROHEMORRHAGIC PHENOMENA. IRRITATION OF UPPER AND LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT AND VISCERAL DAMAGE HAS ALSO BEEN DESCRIBED. /SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS/ [R23, 265]

*DIRECT ASPIRATION INTO THE LUNG OF PARAFFINS WITH CARBON NUMBERS C6 TO C16 MAY CAUSE CHEMICAL PNEUMONITIS, PULMONARY EDEMA, & HEMORRHAGING. /ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS/ [R4, 3176]

*The promoting activity of pristane and n-alkanes /including octanes/ in skin carcinogenesis, including their physical effects on micellar models of biological membranes, were compared. [R24]

*/CNS DEPRESSANT/ ... IN HIGH CONCN. [R12]

*Octane has not been shown to cause the type of peripheral neuropathy associated with n-hexane. The health effects of octane should be simialar to those of n-heptane except that n-octane is about 1.2 to 2 times more toxic. ... [R1, 310]

*Repeated or prolonged contact with the liquid may cause delipidization leading to dry, cracked and irritated skin. ... Application of liquid octane to the forearm for 1 hr and the thigh for 5 hr caused erythema, hyperemia, inflammation, and pigmentation. The human volunteers also complained of a burning and itching sensation in the skin at the site of application. 5 hr dermal exposure apparently caused some blister formation with the pain subsiding 3 hr after the contact with octane was discontinued. [R1, 310]

处理

未见报道。

标准

车间空气卫生标准：

美国ACGIH TLV-STEL 1750 mg/m3 (375 ppm)

美国ACGIH TLV-TWA 1400 mg/m3 (300 ppm)

美国MSHA STANDARD-air: TWA 400 ppm (1900 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(一般工业): 8H TWA 500 ppm (2350 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(建筑业): 8H TWA 400 ppm (1900 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(船厂): 8H TWA 400 ppm (1900 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(Fed Cont): 8H TWA 500 ppm (2350 mg/m3)

澳大利亚: TWA 300 ppm (1450 mg/m3), STEL 375 ppm (1800 mg/m3)