正戊烷_MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

正戊烷-MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

发表时间：2011-10-31浏览次数：评论：分享：顶：踩：

品名

正戊烷; n-Pentane; Pentane; CAS：109-66-0

理化性质

无色、易挥发、微具薄荷气味的液体。分子式C5-H12。分子量72.15。相对密度0.626(20/4℃)。凝固点-129.8℃。沸点36.1 ℃。闪点<-40℃。自燃点309℃。蒸气密度2.48。蒸气压53.32kPa(400mmHg18.5℃)。蒸气与空气混合物爆炸限1.5～7.8% 。极微溶于水; 与乙醇、乙醚、许多有机溶剂混溶。遇热、明火、氧化剂易燃烧、爆炸。

接触机会

用作燃料,用于制造异戊二烯。

国内主要生产厂商:北京化工厂、上海试剂一厂、广州化学试剂厂、天津市化学试剂二厂

侵入途径

主要经呼吸道侵入人体。

毒理学简介

大鼠吸入LC50: 364 gm/m3/4H。小鼠吸入LCLo: 325 gm/m3/2H。

毒性低。主要有麻醉和轻度刺激作用。

人在0.5%浓度下10min,无麻醉和刺激症状。还有记录MLC为130000ppm,TCLo为90000ppm。麻醉与致死作用间的剂量差小。嗅阈为217mg/m^3。

IDLH: +1500 ppm (Based on 10% of the lower explosion limit for safety considerations even though the relevant toxicological data indicated that irreversible health efects or impairment of escape existed only at higher concentrations.) [R21]

临床表现

高浓度时可引起眼和呼吸道粘膜轻度刺激症状和麻醉症状,重症者可有意识丧失。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*PENTANE HAS LOWER ACUTE /CNS DEPRESSION/ ... P0TENCY THAN THE C1 TO C4 GASES. ... INHALATION OF 5000 PPM (0.5%) PENTANE FOR 10 MIN HAS NOT BEEN IRRITATING TO MUCOUS MEMBRANES OR SHOWN TO HAVE LOCAL OR SYSTEMIC EFFECTS. [R6, 3184]

*... Five cases /of polyneuropathy occurred/ among employees of a belt manufacturing shop. ... The solvent believed responsible contained 80% pentane, 14% heptane, and 5% hexane. The symptoms in 3 of the cases consisted of anorexia, asthenia, paresthesis, fatigue, and bilateral symmetrical muscle failure found mostly in the legs. Electromyographic and nerve conduction studies revealed peripheral nerve changes. [R10]

*... Dermal effects of pentane vapors applied to the skin of 5 volunteers /were studied/. ... Erythema, hyperemia, swelling, and pigmentation were observed afte dermal exposure. The volunteers complained of a constant burning sensation accompanied by itching, and blisters were found after 5 hr of exposure. However, there was no evidence of anesthetic effects on the skin. When the pentane was removed from the skin after 5 hr, pain subsided within 15 min. [R29, 284]

处理

脱离接触。对症处理。

标准

车间空气卫生标准：

美国ACGIH TLV-STEL 2210 mg/m3 (750 ppm)

美国ACGIH TLV-TWA 1770 mg/m3 (600 ppm)

美国MSHA STANDARD-air: TWA 500 ppm (1475 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(一般工业): 8H TWA 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(建筑业): 8H TWA 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(船厂): 8H TWA 500 ppm (1500 mg/m3)

美国OSHA PEL(Fed Cont): 8H TWA 1000 ppm (2950 mg/m3)

澳大利亚: TWA 600 ppm (1800 mg/m3), STEL 750 ppm (2250 mg/m3)