正丁烷_MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

正丁烷-MSDS化学品安全技术说明书

发表时间：2011-10-31浏览次数：评论：分享：顶：踩：

品名

正丁烷; n-Butane; Butane; CAS：106-97-8

理化性质

无色气体,似汽油味。分子式C4-H10。分子量58.12。相对密度0.599(0℃液体)。凝固点137.78℃。沸点-0.5℃。闪点-60℃(闭杯)。自燃点405℃。蒸气密度2.046(0℃)。蒸气压202.62 kPa（2atm18.8℃）。蒸气与空气混合物爆炸限1.9～8.5% 。易溶于水、醇和氯仿。遇热、明火、氧化剂易燃烧、爆炸。与四羰基镍+氧气混合也易引起爆炸。

接触机会

存在于油田气、天然气、裂化气中。主要用于制造丁二烯及其他有机合成原料,亦可作燃料、溶剂、仪器校正。

国内主要生产厂商:北京燕山石油化学总公司前进化工厂、上海石油化工总厂、辽阳石油化纤总厂、兰州化学工业公司合成橡胶厂、上海高桥化工厂、南京长江石油化工厂、山东齐鲁石油化学工业公司烯烃厂、南京扬子石油化学工业公司烯烃厂

侵入途径

主要经呼吸道吸入。

毒理学简介

大鼠吸入LC50: 658 gm/m3/4H。小鼠吸入LC50: 680 gm/m3/2H。

有微弱的刺激作用。高浓度时有窒息和麻醉作用。皮肤直接接触液化产物可致局部冻伤。大鼠吸收丁烷后,丁烷转移至脑、肾、肝、脾及胃周脂肪组织,被微粒体酶氧化成丁醇。

人在23.73g/m^3浓度下10分钟有嗜睡现象,无其他全身反应。空气浓度0.328mg/m^3时可感到其气味。

临床表现

急性中毒表现为头晕、头痛、嗜睡状态或酒醉状态,严重者可昏迷。

美国HSDB引用文献：

*MAY BE /CNS DEPRESSANT/ ... IN HIGH CONCN. A SIMPLE ASPHYXIANT. [R2]

*Upon direct contact, the liquefied product may cause burns or frostbite to the eyes & skin. The inhalation of 10,000 ppm for 10 minutes may result in drowsiness, but no systemic effects. [R8, 3182]

*A 19 yr old man developed rapidly progressive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates radiologically consistent with hydrocarbon pneumonitis after "fire breathing." This practice involved filling his mouth with fumes from a butane lighter and expelling them on an open flame. On at least one occasion he swallowed the fumes. [R31]

*A 2 yr old girl developed seizures, hypotension, and recurrent ventricular tachycardia after unintentional exposure to a spray can containing n-butane, isobutane, and propane. /n-Butane, isobutane, and propane mixture/ [R31]

*A 16 yr old girl was seen for n-butane abuse. She had been inhaling it for a yr, and had collected over 22 canisters (232 ml) which she had inhaled during the previous 3 mo (about 5l total). The patient used the cover of the canister as the mask for the abuse. She suffered from visual hallucinations during initial abuse and became increasingly irritable. School attendance became very irregular and there was a gradual deterioration in social functioning leading to social isolation with very little contact with her peer group. Physical examination was unremarkable. The patient did not cooperate with further hematological and psychological investigations. [R32]

处理

对症处理。急性中毒者移至新鲜空气处,一般可迅速恢复。严重者注意呼吸衰竭。

标准

车间空气卫生标准：

美国ACGIH TLV-TWA 1900 mg/m3 (800 ppm)

美国MSHA STANDARD-air: TWA 500 ppm (1200 mg/m3)

澳大利亚: TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)

奥地利: TWA 1000 ppm (2300 mg/m3) (all isomers)

比利时: TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)

丹麦: TWA 500 ppm (1200 mg/m3)

芬兰: TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3), STEL 1000 ppm (2350 mg/m3)

法国: TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m3)